ColomboSurgeon

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome 

What is Carpal Tunnel Syndrome ?

 

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) is a condition caused by compression of the median nerve as it passes through the carpal tunnel in your wrist. This nerve controls sensation and movement in parts of the hand, especially the thumb, index, middle, and part of the ring finger.

 

What Causes CTS?

CTS occurs when the carpal tunnel becomes narrowed or the tissues surrounding tendons swell, putting pressure on the median nerve.

 

Common causes include:

  • Repetitive hand or wrist movements (e.g., typing, knitting).
  • Medical conditions (e.g., diabetes, arthritis, or hypothyroidism).
  • Pregnancy-related swelling.
  • Wrist injuries.

Symptoms of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

  • Numbness or tingling: Common in the thumb, index, middle, and ring fingers.
  • Pain: Can extend from the hand to the wrist and even the arm.
  • Weakness: Difficulty gripping or holding objects.
  • Nighttime discomfort: Symptoms often worsen at night, potentially disrupting sleep.

 

How it CTS diagnosed?

A healthcare provider may diagnose CTS through:

  • Medical History: Discussing your symptoms and activities.
  • Physical Examination: Checking hand and wrist function.
  • Tests:
    • Nerve conduction studies or electromyography (EMG).
    • X-rays to rule out other conditions.

 

What are the risk factors for CTS?

  • Age: More common in adults.
  • Gender: Women are at higher risk due to a naturally smaller carpal tunnel.
  • Occupation: Jobs requiring repetitive wrist motions or vibrations increase risk.

Treatment for CTS

For very mild disease, non surgical measures may be tried.

 

  • Non-Surgical
    • Rest: Reducing activities that worsen symptoms.
    • Wrist Splints: Especially worn at night to keep the wrist in a neutral position.
  • Medications: Over-the-counter pain relievers or corticosteroid injections.
  • Physical Therapy: Hand and wrist exercises or physical therapy.
  • Surgical
    • Carpal Tunnel Release Surgery: Performed if non-surgical treatments fail. It involves cutting the ligament pressing on the nerve to relieve pressure.

 

Preventing CTS

  • Take frequent breaks during repetitive activities.
  • Maintain proper wrist posture while typing or using tools.
  • Perform hand and wrist stretching exercises.
  • Use ergonomic devices to reduce strain.

 

When to See a Doctor

Contact your healthcare provider if you experience:

  • Persistent numbness, tingling, or pain.
  • Weakness that impacts daily activities.
  • Symptoms not improving with home care.